Crawford was born on Jan. 11, 1921, in New York City. He left the series after his character, Andy Sherman, was shipped to a boarding school. He was married to their sister, who now goes by the name of Nance Crawford. Robert also leaves two sisters: Lela Johnson of Marks, MS and Sarah B. Crawford of Los Angeles, CA; one brother Bennie Lee Crawford of Southaven, MS; two aunts: Eva Gorman of Berrien Springs, MI; Eva Childress-Gorman of Clarksdale, MS; three sisters-in-law: Martha (Charles) Staten of Marks, MS; Lucille Brown of Chicago, IL and Inez Burnett of Marion, IN; one brother-in-law Andrew Burnette of Sachse, TX; ten grandchildren, fifteen great-grandchildren and a host of other relatives and friends. ?) Johnny Crawford Children Did Johnny Crawford have any children? 405-321-6000 If so, then this blog post is for you! Bob was active in his hometown of Norman within the Lutheran church, University of Oklahoma football games, and later as a substitute teacher at All Saints Catholic School. He was a guest at the 2012 Memphis Film Festival's "A Gathering of Guns 4: A TV Western Reunion" at the Whispering Woods Hotel and Conference Center in Olive Branch, MS. Robert Crawford was a TV editor and occasional actor who had the honor of being nominated for an Emmy the same year his two sons were also Emmy-nominated. You can then forward the email to the family or print it and give it to them personally. Robert received the Star Teacher award from the Mississippi Student Achievement Recognition Awards. Your order is processing, and it may take up to a few days for the service provider to handle your payment. [about a concert given by his band] There were only about 50 people there, and they were all enjoying the band, and almost all were dancing. Later, Crawford established his own independent editing service for commercials and spent time working on series from the Filmation animation studio. Robert Crawford also worked on such Warner Bros. TV shows as Bourbon Street Beat, 77 Sunset Strip, Maverick, Cheyenne and Lawman as well as on Gidget, The Monkees and Tarzan. Payment is being processed by . Johnny Crawford, the original Mouseketeer who starred as the young son of the Civil War veteran portrayed by Chuck Connors on the 1958-63 ABC series The Rifleman, died Thursday, it was announced. - After his discharge in 1946, he studied acting at Falcon Studios in Hollywood. Some of his other awards included Outstanding Science Teacher, Delegated Teacher Award, and Teacher of the Month. Robert departed this earthly home for his heavenly home on Friday, September 14, 2018. Robert served in the United States Army. She passed away of breast cancer on September 10 . Planting will take place in Spring of the following year. We will discuss Robert L. Crawford Jr.s source of income, net worth, salary here. He gained fame as a child actor for starring as Andy Sherman on the NBC television series Laramie. Robert Lawrence Crawford Jr. (born May 13, 1944) is an American actor who portrayed the character Andy Sherman on the NBC television series Laramie in 1959 and 1960. Be the first to get hottest news from our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription. He was nominated for an Emmy Award in 1959 for the Playhouse 90 (1956) episode "Child of Our Time" the same year his kid brother Johnny Crawford was Emmy-nominated for playing Chuck Connors son Mark in The Rifleman (1958). In lieu of flowers, donations in honor of Robert H. Crawford Jr. to the Disabled American Veterans would be welcomed. The two are brothers. Crawford was 12 when he appeared for the first time as Mark McCain, son of the widower Lucas McCain, on The Rifleman. Indian Paint. But there are many controversies in this area that have been added to what we know for sure; such as salary and assets changing from time to time which can lead people into thinking one thing then soon after find out something else entirely different even though their initial assumptions may only be accurate parts way through. Survivors include his wife, high-school sweetheart Charlotte Samco, whom he married in 1995, and his brother. Robert Lawrence Crawford Junior was born on 13th May 1944 in Quantico, Virginia, U.S. His parents are Robert Crawford Senior (father) and Betty Megerlin (mother). Send Flowers: When Is the Ordering Deadline? Kyra Sedgwick net worth 2022: Where does her money come from? Bobby Crawford played the younger brother Andy Sherman on the first two seasons of NBCs Laramie, which ran from 1959-63. In this union of 55 years, they raised seven daughters. Robert Crawford Jr. (Robert Lawrence Crawford) was born on 13 May, 1944 in Quantico, Virginia, USA, is an Actor, Producer, Miscellaneous. The actor has not offered any information about his educational background. They may not look like theyre that rich, but these stars are definitely living the high life with some pretty impressive wealth! His sons also took up the sport and even dueled on The Mickey Mouse Club. While serving in the Army in the late 1960s, he appeared in a number of period training films remembered by veterans of the times. Yes, he is. You have successfully activated Boomplay 1 Month Premium. 100+ sweet I miss you brother quotes, messages, and sayings, Harban Singh Amrit: Profile of Kenyan Billionaire Who Was Safaricom's Landlord, His Other Properties, Rigathi Gachagua Says Matiang'i Fled Kenya Fearing Ruto Would Harass Him: "Some People Are Cowards", Woman Hopes Boyfriend Buys Her New Car: My Dad Refused", UN development chief sounds alarm over debt distress, Humble Man Builds Small House on His Land, Video of Classy Interior Decor Trends. Robert B. Crawford, Jr. was welcomed into this world on May 25, 1938, to the union of Martha G. and Robert Crawford, Sr. Robert accepted Jesus Christ as his Lord and Savior at an early age, at Greenhill M. B. He could often be found behind a camera lens at his grandsons' extracurricular events. https://secure.dav.org/site/Donation2?df_id=18792&18792.donation=form1&mfc_pref=T. Starting in the 1990s, he fronted the Johnny Crawford Orchestra, which regaled members and guests at Art Directors Guild Awards galas for two decades, the guild noted Friday. All Rights Reserved. In lieu of flowers, donations can be made to the Sierra Club. Bob grew up in the Philadelphia suburbs. He has come to pick up the son of a friend who is despised by his dad because he fought for the north. Robert E Crawford, 69 Get Full Report. [8], https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_L._Crawford_Jr.&oldid=1074976092, Actor, production assistant, associate producer, producer, This page was last edited on 3 March 2022, at 06:08. His birthplace is Quantico, Virginia. Robert Downey Jr married to Deborah Falconer in 1992 Robert Downey Jr married to Susan Levin in 2005 Related questions How many children does Robert Downey Jr have? They met up again in 1990 and exchanged their wedding vows in 1995. | Full Name Robert E Crawford Also known as Robert Earl Crawford Robertearl Crawford Robert Ecrawford Lived in Virginia Beach, VA 23453-1966 Previous Addresses. After which in 1963, he began his teaching career in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. He is a famous actor, production assistant, associate producer, and film and TV producer. You will find here his father and mothers names and their profession. The end of this blog post has been a lot about Robert L. Crawford Jr. and his long career, which is great for those who want to learn more about this Actor. This article will be exploring what makes these individuals stars in the eyes of society and how they got to where they are today. They were the parents of at least 7 sons and 4 daughters. Is it just actors and musicians that are classified as celebrities? Robert Crawford Sr., Emmy-Nominated Film Editor and Father of Actors, Dies at 95 His sons Johnny and Bobby Crawford were child stars on the TV Westerns 'The Rifleman' and 'Laramie,'. The actor lost his father on 28th July 2016. There are many different factors that can affect how quickly or slowly someone ages such as genetics, skin type, and health. Robert Crawford, Jr. was a child actor best known for playing Andy on the TV Western series Laramie (1959). Some people measure success by the number of awards they have won, but for many others it is about their net worth. To plant a tree in memory of Robert Crawford, Jr., please visit. Robert began his career as a child actor. Robert Crawford Jr 1959 to 1961: . Robert H. Crawford, Jr. died October 29, 2020, after a fall during a power outage at his Norman, Oklahoma home. Crawford also trained with renowned Olympian and Hollywood fencing choreographer Ralph Faulkner whose students also included Errol Flynn and Basil Rathbone and became a Southern California foil and sabre champion. [19] In 2019, MeTV reported that Crawford had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Are Robert Crawford Jr and Johnny Crawford related? Robert Crawford, Jr. was a child actor best known for playing Andy on the TV Western series Laramie (1959) . View agent, publicist, legal and company contact details on IMDbPro, The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm 1962 premiere, Betty Megerlin | Discover Robert Crawford Jr.'s Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. [6], In 1959, Crawford's appearance on the CBS anthology series Playhouse 90 was nominated for Best Single Performance on the 11th Primetime Emmy Awards. You will receive email notifications when changes are made to the online memorial, including when family and friends post to the Guestbook. Their co-star was Robert Fuller in the role of former gunfighter Jess Harper. In this section, well be taking a look at the full name, nickname, age, birthplace, and citizenship of Robert L. Crawford Jr.. We hope you enjoy it! He is married to his high school sweetheart, Charlotte Samco. Robert graduated from Marks Industrial High School with the class of 1956. If there are any facts, we got wrong or anything else you want to know, let us know in the comments section below! However, he passed away on 29th April 2021 at the age of 75 years. An official certificate recognizing your purchase will be included with your email receipt. Released August 5, Sweepin' the Clouds Away is the first album offered by, In 2006 he directed a live orchestra using authentic period orchestrations for the premiere screening of the newly restored silent version of. Other Works His father, Robert and renowned director, George Roy Hill, introduced him to another side of the film industry, production. A former member of the PRCA (Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association) and the AJRA (American Junior Rodeo Association), he competed frequently at rodeos throughout the country during the 1960s and early 1970s. When William Robert Crawford Jr. was born on 16 April 1880, in Baker, Florida, United States, his father, William Robert Crawford Sr., was 45 and his mother, Sarah A Crawford, was 43. [on his orchestrated band] It's a unique, romantic sound, and people love to hear it. He was born August 20, 1944 in Upper Darby, a suburb of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Cheyenne witnesses a murder as he enters a town. He made it much easier than it might have been. Crawford. Editor: The Bob Cummings Show. Since he was a child actor, he earned money from his appearance on different movies and TV shows. He is 77 years old as of 2021. . Duel at Diablo. Ham, as he was known, was a musician and Davis' high school sweetheart. Publicity Listings WILLIAM CRAWFORD OBITUARY William D. Crawford, Jr. 1959 - 2023 Westfield William Donaldson Crawford, Jr. (64) ended his battle with Benson's Syndrome on Sunday, February 26, 2023,. His birthplace is Quantico, Virginia. The Hollywood Reporter is a part of Penske Media Corporation. However, when the number of kids was reduced by half for season two, his option was not picked up. Its not easy, especially when your significant other is in another country. Robert attended bible class and was superintendent of Sunday school for 15 years. She was listed in his obituary as Nancy Scott. He has not offered any information about his wife. Church in Marks, Mississippi. To follow Robert's story, enter your email. He was born February 26, 1922 in Rutherfordton, NC, the son of Dr. Robert H. Crawford and Sara. He had appeared in an uncredited role in The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit (1956), starring Gregory Peck, then worked on such TV programs as The Lone Ranger, Climax!, Matinee Theatre and The Loretta Young Show before starring in Courage of Black Beauty (1957). He was cast as the younger brother of Slim Sherman, portrayed by John Smith, owner of the fictitious Sherman Ranch and Relay Station some twelve miles east of Laramie, Wyoming. His sons Johnny and Bobby Crawford were child stars on the TV Westerns 'The Rifleman' and 'Laramie,' respectively. Profiled in the 2016 book "X Child Stars: Where Are They Now?" [14] His longtime friend, actor Paul Petersen, started a GoFundMe fundraiser to help cover Crawford's medical costs. They met up again in 1990 and exchanged their wedding vows in 1995. He also appeared on the first season of 'The Mickey Mouse Club' and had hit songs on the Billboard Hot 100. Answer- Robert L. Crawford Jr.s height is Update Soon. [1], His father, also named Robert L. Crawford and occasionally referred to as Robert Crawford Sr., was a well-known Emmy-nominated film editor[2] and occasional actor, who portrayed Detective Phil Burns on the syndicated television series, Manhunt. Robert L. Crawford Jr. is 77 years old in 2022. I always say that life is not easy for anybody. Therefore, neither where he studied nor his level of education is publicly known. In 2022, the net worth of Robert L. Crawford Jr.s has increased significantly. You'll lose your subscription if we don't have a working payment method for your account, so please check your payment details. They met up again in 1990 and exchanged their wedding vows in 1995. Biography From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Robert Lawrence Crawford Jr. (born May 13, 1944) is an. Crawford's role on Laramie ended in 1960, when Andy Sherman was shipped off to boarding school. The actor lost his father after succumbing to complications of pneumonia in Woodland Hills. One fellow was standing off to the side watching for the longest time; it was. William Crawford (2 September 1732 - 11 June 1782) was an American soldier and surveyor who worked as a western land agent for George Washington.Crawford fought in the French and Indian War and the American Revolutionary War.He was tortured and burned at the stake by American Indians in retaliation for the Gnadenhutten massacre, a notorious slaughter of Indians by militia near the end of the . In addition, he edited and served as an associate producer on the 1965 film Indian Paint, starring Johnny (Bobby also was in the movie), and he played Det. The actor, 57, who is worth $66 million, earned critical acclaim for playing . Betty and Robert's children were all involved in the Hollywood industry: Nance Crawford, Bobby Crawford Jr., and Johnny Crawford. They eventually . How does this information affect our self-esteem? And he treated me like an adult when we were working. 1. Sign up for THR news straight to your inbox every day. Robert has an estimated net worth of $1.3 million as of 2021. If this sounds like a topic that interests you then read the full article. Note: These are general guidelines; some florists may not be able to operate within these timelines. 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1962, Rumors, Your Nose Is Gonna Grow and Proud.. Order by 3:00PMThe day before. [7], In the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, Crawford was a production assistant, associate producer, and producer on films such as Slaughterhouse-Five (1972), The Sting (1973), Slap Shot (1977), The World According to Garp (1982), and The Parasite (1997). What are some of the things they do and dont do to keep them a secret? Blind Spot: Directed by Lee Sholem. There are many things that can go wrong if someone finds out about it. Official Sites, MPTF, Woodland Hills, CA [September 2013]. Robert Crawford Jr was actively involved in acting during his early and mid-20s. Latest updates. Please check your balance and then try again. Hogan debuted on film in Fix Bayonets (1952). In the film industry, Roberts takes credit as an actor and producer. Yes, he is. He was cast as the younger brother of Slim Sherman, portrayed by John Smith, owner of the fictitious Sherman Ranch and Relay Station some twelve miles east of Laramie, Wyoming. In order to figure out the answer to the question posed in the title, you will need to look at Robert L. Crawford Jr.s date of birth as well as his age. His father was a picture editor best known for his work on The Bob Cummings Show which earned him an Emmy Awards nomination in 1959. He landed numerous other roles, such as Johnny Nikoloff in Official Detective (1957), Messenger Boy in The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp (1957) and Joey in The Donna Reed Show (1959). Who is he dating, how long have they been together, and any juicy details that we can find out about him will be found here! Robert Crawford. He was 75. He served as an editor on the sitcom The Bob Cummings Show, for which he received his Emmy nomination in 1959. Answer- Robert L. Crawford Jr.s net worth is $1M $5M. He was previously married to Charlotte Samco. After the original "Mickey Mouse Club", Crawford's second lead role was that of the title character's son in, Has dementia. He married Ada Mae Crawford on 25 February 1903, in Starke, Bradford, Florida, United States. He is a 36-year-old American gaming YouTuber best known for his reviews and occasional top ten. Projared has proved his unique YouTubing and gaming skills since 2006. It's a sound I really love, and I find that once people get a chance to hear it live, in all its glory, that they love it, too. This site uses cookies. 2023 The Hollywood Reporter, LLC. Continued performing in theater and nightclubs after his early TV and pop-music heydays. Is Johnny Crawford married? Slim is portrayed as the owner of the fictitious Sherman Ranch and Relay Station. 1964. What do you think of when you hear the word "celebrity"? His maternal grandfather, Belgian violinist Alfred Megerlin (1880-1941), was concertmaster of the. Beloved John Ernest Crawford was born in Los . He was nominated for an Emmy Award in 1959 for the Playhouse 90 (1956) episode "Child of Our Time" the same year his kid brother Johnny Crawford was Emmy-nominated for playing Chuck Connors son Mark in The Rifleman (1958). Also surviving are. He is married to his high school sweetheart, Charlotte Samco. Hawaii. I was born Nancy (no middle name) Scott. In the following section, we will know about the height and weight of Robert L. Crawford Jr.. Robert L. Crawford Jr.s height is Update Soon and his weight is Update Soon. Answer-Robert L. Crawford Jr. is 77 years old in 2022. However, his role ended in 1960 after Andy was shipped off to a boarding school. You know, I still miss him [he died in 1992]. Tuko.co.ke shared an article about Projared bio, girlfriend, career, height, net worth, divorce. Many people are fascinated by celebrities and their personal lives. Yes, they are. Phil Burns on the syndicated 1959-61 series Manhunt. Robert L. Crawford Jr.s full name is Robert Lawrence Crawford Jr. and his nickname is Robert L. Crawford Jr.. His father was Bobby Crawford, who built the music publishing company DeSylva, Brown and Henderson (the trio behind such songs as The Best Things in Life Are Free and Button Up Your Overcoat). He has an older brother, Robert L. Crawford Jr., who has also become a successful actor. [1] Church in Marks, Mississippi. He was an actor and producer, known for The Rifleman (1958), Hellboy (2004) and The Thirteenth Floor (1999). Weight can be changed. He attended Pathfinder Regional High School and obtained his Associate's Degree [] if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'popularinside_com-leader-1','ezslot_4',118,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-popularinside_com-leader-1-0');The answer is no! Why did Robert Crawford Jr leave Laramie? Johnny Crawford was born on March 26, 1946 in Los Angeles, California, USA. His film production and directing role has also played an enormous role in increasing his overall net worth. In 1959, when Crawford was nominated for an Emmy for best supporting actor (continuing character) in a dramatic series, his older brother, Robert Crawford Jr., was nominated for best single . However, he rose to fame for portraying Andy Sherman in Laramie (1959 to 1960). Harmon Oscar Nelson Jr. was the first of Davis' four husbands. What is the height of Robert L. Crawford Jr.? The family had quite the year in 1959. Here we will cover everything about his family. He is survived by his wife, high-school sweetheart Charlotte Crawford, whom he married in 1995, and his older brother, Robert L. Crawford Jr. Johnny Crawford Family His paternal grandfather, Robert "Bobby" Crawford (1889-1941), was a horse jockey from Chicago who changed his occupation to song "plugger" and became a very successful music publisher as the founder of De Sylva, Brown & Henderson and Crawford Music Corp. Robert was born Samuel Faden to Russian Jewish parents, Isaac Faden and Rose Isserman. Moving to California in the early 1950s, Fuller started his . Robert L. Crawford Jr. was born on 1944-05-13. He did not have any children. We will show you how Robert L. Crawford Jr. looks in a variety of different ways including how tall he is, how much he weighed, and pictures of him without makeup on as well as with makeup on.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'popularinside_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_11',128,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-popularinside_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0'); What do you think, Robert L. Crawford Jr.s height can be? In 1959, Crawford was nominated for editing the The Bob Cummings Show (1955) while his sons Robert Crawford Jr. and Johnny Crawford were nominated for acting awards, Bobby for the Playhouse 90 (1956) episode "Child of Our Time" and Johnny for playing Chuck Connors son Mark in The Rifleman (1958). You may know Robert L. Crawford Jr. as a celebrity, but have you ever wondered what his full name is, or where he was born? What is the net worth of Robert L. Crawford Jr.? He will be greatly missed. Wondering about the net worth of Robert L. Crawford Jr.? Is Johnny Crawford married? In 1970 he began teaching at Shaw High School, in Bolivar County, Mississippi, where he was the first black science teacher. He starred Detective Phil Burns on the syndicated TV series, Manhunt. Rawhide. All Rights Reserved. After The Rifleman was canceled, Crawford and Connors worked together again on a 1965 episode of NBCs Branded, and he appeared opposite John Wayne in El Dorado (1967) and on TV shows including Hawaii Five-O, Little House on the Prairie and Murder, She Wrote. That got him a job as one of the 24 original Mouseketeers for the first season (1955-56) of the show. Official Sites. [But] being able to go in and say that I had just finished working for a year as a Mouseketeer was to my benefit, because there werent many 9-year-olds who had experience in film. Bob lived bravely, loved sincerely, and fought gallantly. An association with the director George Roy Hill (his father Robert Crawford edited Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969)) got him into the production side of the business, and he later became a film and TV producer. Robert L. Crawford Jr., better known by her family name Robert Lawrence Crawford Jr., is a popular American actor. Robert was married to Virginia for 55 years and preceded her in death. He was born in Quantico, Virginia on 1944-05-13. | He completed other studies at Delta State University in Cleveland, Mississippi. He graduated from Haverford Township Senior High School in Havertown, Pennsylvania in 1962, then went to Gettysburg College, where he majored in political science, joined Theta Chi fraternity, and was in the Air Force Reserve Officers Training Corps. Contact Best known for playing Andy in the 1959 western TV show Laramie , Robert Crawford Jr. also had a distinguished movie career, playing a wide range of characters in many critically and commercially successful films. He is married to his high school sweetheart, Charlotte Samco. For example, a person with olive skin is more likely to show signs of aging faster than someone with fair skin because there is less pigment protecting them from sun damage. Robert Crawford Jr., was also nominated for best single play by an actor (for Playhouse 90) and their dad, Robert Crawford, had a nomination for film editing (for The Bob Cummings Show). Well be discussing the net worths, heights, weights, ages, careers, educational background, relationships, and affairs of Robert L. Crawford Jr.. Keep reading to learn more! How much money does he make, you might think? Below the table, you can find all the information about his birthday. There is no information about his mother's career and whereabouts. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'popularinside_com-leader-2','ezslot_13',120,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-popularinside_com-leader-2-0');Are you interested to know about Robert L. Crawford Jr.s age and others birth information? He was married to Charlotte Crawford since 1995. When your purchase is complete, a post will be made on the tribute wall of the deceased signifying the planting of a memorial tree. He was the son of Thelma (Briney) and Robert Lawrence "Bobby" Crawford (1889-1941), a horse jockey from Chicago who changed his occupation to song "plugger," and became a very successful music publisher as the founder of De Sylva, Brown & Henderson and Crawford Music Corp. Bobby was born Samuel Faden to Russian Jewish parents, Isaac Faden and Rose Isserman. Are Robert Crawford Jr and Johnny Crawford related? That year's Emmy Awards also nominated Crawford's younger brother, Johnny Crawford, for his recurring portrayal of Mark McCain, son of Lucas McCain, on The Rifleman. Robert Crawford was a TV editor and occasional actor who had the honor of being nominated for an Emmy the same year his two sons were also Emmy-nominated. Yes, they are. Through my research on Robert L. Crawford Jr. who has aged gracefully over time, it seems like he shares some similar habits which include wearing sunscreen daily even if he is not outside much and taking good care of his hair regularly. Born in May 13th, 1944 From Quantico, Virginia, USA Filmography Robert Crawford Jr. Get the news that matters from one of the leading news sites in Kenya. He was a man of integrity, and put other's needs before his own. We need to stop obsessing over celebrity heights and weights because it will only make us feel worse about ourselves. I told my agent that I would have worked at Disney for nothing. Robert leaves to cherish his memories, his wife, Virginia B Crawford of Marks, MS; six daughters: Dasie Mae Richmond of Bloomington, MN; Mandy (Kevin) Jasey of Great Mills, MD; Carol (Tyrone) Smith of Horn Lake, MS; Patricia (Michael) Amos of Arcadia, CA; Janice Crawford of Bloomington, MN; and Carlotta Crawford of Brooklyn Park, MN. The two are brothers. Robert Crawford was a TV editor and occasional actor who had the honor of being nominated for an Emmy the same year his two sons were also Emmy-nominated. Some people are indeed interested in the weight and height of celebrities, but there is a more important question to ask. His career and life journey are an inspiration to many people all over the world.